When taking medication or starting a new one, it is important to understand the side effects and how to manage them. A side effect is an unwanted or unexpected effect that happens after taking medication. Most side effects are mild and tend to go away on their own, but some can be serious and require medical attention. This blog will discuss common side effects, how to manage side effects, management strategies, and frequently asked questions.   Common Side Effects: Different medications produce different side effects. Listed below are common side effects and the medications associated with them. Gastrointestinal upset such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation is commonly seen with antibiotics, opioids, several antiepileptics, and statins. These symptoms are typically temporary or can be managed with support. ¹ Drowsiness, dizziness, or “brain fog” are common with antihistamines, some antidepressants, benzodiazepines, opioids, sleep aids, and some antihypertensives. These effects can affect driving or operating machinery, so it is important to take necessary precautions. ¹ Headaches and muscle aches are frequently reported after vaccines or with medications such as statins. ¹ Less Common Side Effects: Many drugs can cause allergic reactions like rash, itching, and hives, but some rashes can be serious and require immediate care. ¹ Some drugs can cause a life-threatening allergic reaction called Anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is rapid onset, involving breathing difficulty, swelling, and low blood pressure; though rare, it requires immediate emergency treatment. ²   How to Manage Side Effects: Prepare for Medication It is important to read your medication guide to fully understand expected side effects. Ask your provider if you will need monitoring and/or follow-up visits for the medication. It is important to share your list of current prescriptions, OTC drugs, vitamins, and supplements to check for interactions. ³   Evaluate Severity of Symptoms If medicine commonly causes symptoms, symptoms can be considered mild and expected. If the symptoms are tolerable, options include symptomatic relief like antacids or anti-nausea advice, taking the medicine with food if recommended, or temporary dose timing changes, but only after checking with a pharmacist or prescriber. ³ If symptoms interfere with day-to-day tasks or don’t improve after a short adjustment period, contact your pharmacist or prescriber. These symptoms can be classified as moderate. Your pharmacist or doctor may recommend a dose reduction, switching to a different drug in the same class, or supportive therapy. ³ If you start to notice difficulty breathing, swelling of face/tongue/throat, chest pain, severe fainting, signs of organ failure (yellow skin/eyes, very dark urine, little/no urine), or severe uncontrolled bleeding occur, seek emergency care immediately. These symptoms are classified as severe. ²   Talk to Your Pharmacist and Doctor Document when symptoms started after taking the medication. Include frequency of symptoms, severity, and if anything makes the symptoms better or worse. ₃ Try to stay organized by keeping a log of your medication, including dose, timing, other medications, and any other pre-existing conditions. ³ Don’t be afraid to ask questions!  If you are experiencing discomfort with your medication, try asking your pharmacist or provider questions like: ³ “Is this likely a side effect of x drug?” “Can we try a lower dose to minimize side effects?”  “Could my other prescriptions be interacting negatively?” Management Strategies It may seem simple, but remembering to take your medication with food to reduce GI issues can make a difference. It is important to read the medication pamphlet because some medications must be taken on an empty stomach. ⁴ For mild nausea, a bland diet or a prescribed antiemetic may help reduce discomfort and negative side effects. ⁴ Talk to your pharmacist or provider about dose adjustment or different times you can take your prescription. Do not change or alter dose without professional medical advice. Frequently Asked Questions Q: Are natural supplements safer than prescription drugs? A: “Natural” doesn’t mean safe. Supplements can cause side effects and interact with drugs. Always tell your provider about supplements. ³ Q: If I get mild side effects, do I have to stop the drug? A: Not usually. Many mild side effects improve after a few days or can be managed. Talk to your pharmacist or provider before stopping. ⁴   Medication is here to help, not harm you. Unfortunately, side effects can be included. The best approach is to be informed about your medication and what you can do to advocate for yourself. Know what to expect, keep a log of your medication dosages and times taken, talk to your pharmacist and provider, and report anything unexpected to keep medication safer for everyone. Sources: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/in-depth/statin-side-effects/art-20046013 https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/clinical-considerations/managing-anaphylaxis.html https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/services-and-treatments/medication-therapy-management https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements

November is National Diabetes Awareness Month, dedicated to raising awareness about diabetes prevention, management, and healthy living. A key topic we want to discuss this month is prediabetes. This condition often goes unnoticed but is essential in preventing Type 2 diabetes. As your trusted neighborhood pharmacy, we want to help you understand what prediabetes is, how to recognize the signs, and what you can do today to protect your health for the future. What Is Prediabetes? Prediabetes indicates that your blood glucose levels are elevated but not high enough to qualify as diabetes. It serves as your body's early warning signal, offering an opportunity to make changes before diabetes develops.   According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 1 in 3 American adults, about 98 million people, have prediabetes, and more than 80% of them don’t know it.   ¹ Th is lack of awareness is largely due to prediabetes often not presenting any obvious symptoms.   Untreated prediabetes can lead to Type 2 diabetes, raising the risk of severe health issues like heart disease, kidney failure, nerve damage, and vision loss.   ¹   How Is Prediabetes Diagnosed? You won’t know if you have prediabetes without a blood test. That’s why regular check-ups and screenings are so important. According to the Mayo Clinic, the three main tests used to diagnose prediabetes are:   1. A1C Test – Measures your average blood sugar over the past 2–3 months. ² Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4% Diabetes: 6.5% or higher   2. Fasting Plasma Glucose Test – Measures blood sugar after an overnight fast.   ² Prediabetes: 100 to 125 mg/dL Diabetes: 126 mg/dL or higher   3. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test – Measures blood sugar before and after drinking a sweet liquid. ² Prediabetes: 140 to 199 mg/dL after two hours Diabetes: 200 mg/dL or higher If you haven't had your blood sugar tested recently, this is the perfect time to do so during Diabetes Awareness Month.   Who’s at Risk for Prediabetes? Prediabetes can affect anyone, but certain factors can increase your risk. Here are some risk factors to be aware of, according to the CDC: ³ Overweight or obese 45 years or older Family history of Type 2 diabetes Lacking physical activity Having high blood pressure or abnormal cholesterol levels Having a history of gestational diabetes or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Belonging to certain ethnic groups (including African American, Hispanic/Latino, Native American, and Asian American populations)   If you relate to any of these factors, consider scheduling a blood sugar screening soon. Your local pharmacy can often assist with on-site testing or refer you to a nearby clinic.   Reversing and Preventing Prediabetes: The good news is that prediabetes doesn’t have to progress to diabetes. In fact, by making lifestyle changes, you can reduce your risk by half. Your pharmacy team can play a significant role in helping you successfully implement these changes. Here are some keyways to take control of your health and reverse prediabetes: 1. Focus on Balanced Nutrition You don’t have to give up everything you love; it’s all about moderation and making smarter choices. Choose whole grains, lean proteins, and high-fiber foods such as vegetables, beans, and nuts. Limit sugary drinks and refined carbohydrates. Eat smaller, balanced portions throughout the day to prevent spikes in blood sugar.   Pharmacy Tip:  Ask your pharmacist about blood sugar-friendly supplements and glucose monitoring devices that can help you track your progress.   2. Move Around Regular physical activity helps your body use insulin more efficiently. According to the CDC, you should aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week, about 30 minutes a day, five days a week. ³ Simple ways to start: Take a brisk walk after meals. Try a dance class, swimming, or biking. Use stairs instead of elevators. Park farther away to get in a few extra steps.   Pharmacy Tip:  Ask the pharmacy about blood pressure monitoring stations to help you stay on top of your health goals.   3. Maintain a Healthy Weight According to the CDC, losing even a small amount of weight, just 5–7% of your body weight, can make a big difference in preventing diabetes. For example, if you weigh 200 pounds, losing 10–14 pounds can significantly reduce your risk.³   Pharmacy Tip:  Your pharmacist can recommend meal replacement shakes, healthy snacks, or vitamin supplements that support your nutrition plan as you work toward a healthier weight.   4. Get Enough Sleep Poor sleep can impact blood sugar regulation. Aim for 7 to 9 hours of quality sleep each night and maintain a consistent sleep schedule.   Pharmacy Tip:  If you struggle with sleep, talk to your pharmacist about sleep aids or supplements like melatonin.   When to See a Provider If your blood sugar levels are in the prediabetic range or you’re at high risk, it’s important to schedule a visit with your healthcare provider. They may order additional testing, review your medications, and help you create a personalized health plan.   During Diabetes Awareness Month, take a few moments to assess your risk, get tested, and begin adopting healthy habits. Small steps today can prevent significant issues tomorrow.   Feel free to contact or visit our pharmacy to speak with one of our pharmacists about blood sugar testing, diabetes prevention, and resources to help you achieve your health goals. Together, we can take charge of your health one step at a time.     Sources: 1: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes-prevention/about-prediabetes-type-2/index.html#:~:text=What%20are%20prediabetes%20and%20diabetes,Prediabetes%20can%20often%20be%20reversed .   2: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prediabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355284#:~:text=Fasting%20blood%20sugar%20test%20*%20Less%20than,two%20separate%20tests%20is%20diagnosed%20as%20diabetes .   3: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention-type-2/truth-about-prediabetes.html

Cold and flu season is never convenient. Whether it’s a scratchy throat, a lingering cough, or a fever that keeps you in bed, these seasonal illnesses can throw off your routine fast. The good news? With the right mix of prevention, symptom relief, and care, you can make the season much easier to handle. At your local pharmacy, we’re here to help you stay healthy and feel better faster. Cold and Flu Prevention When it comes to cold and flu, stopping illness before it starts is always easier than managing symptoms later. Prevention should be your first line of defense. Everyday Prevention Keep your home clean and germ-free.  Disinfect frequently touched surfaces and improve home air quality by opening windows to bring in fresh outside air and purifying indoor air with a HEPA air purifier.¹ Keep distance.  Avoid close contact with people who are sick, and when you are sick, keep your distance from others to protect them from getting sick, too. If you are sick, stay home as much as possible for at least 24 hours until your symptoms improve and you have not had a fever without using fever-reducing medication.¹ Practice good hygiene.  Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing and avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth to prevent the spread of germs. Make sure to wash your hands often with soap and water. When soap and water are not available, use hand sanitizer.¹ Immune Support A strong immune system is your body’s best defense against colds and flu. Staying active, prioritizing sleep, managing stress, and staying hydrated all promote a healthy immune system. Additionally, a nutrient-rich diet that focuses on colorful fruits and vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats will support your body with the vitamins and minerals it needs to fight infections. Key immune-boosting nutrients include:² Beta carotene : found in sweet potatoes, spinach, carrots, mangoes, broccoli, and tomatoes. Vitamin C : found in citrus fruits, berries, melons, tomatoes, bell peppers, and broccoli.² Vitamin D : found in milk, fatty fish, and eggs. Zinc : found in beef, seafood, beans, nuts, and tofu. Probiotics : found in cultured dairy products, such as yogurt, and in fermented foods, such as kefir and kimchi. Protein : found in milk, yogurt, eggs, beef, chicken, seafood, nuts, seeds, beans, and lentils. Vaccination Did you know that the flu shot prevents millions of illnesses and flu-related doctor’s visits each year? The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends everyone six months and older to get a flu shot, with rare exceptions.³ Vaccination is particularly important for people who are at higher risk of serious complications from influenza, especially children, older adults, and people with chronic health conditions. For most, the CDC recommends flu vaccination in September or October for optimal flu protection.³ TIP:  Did you know you can get multiple vaccines at once? Talk with your local pharmacist or healthcare provider about other vaccines you may be due for. Managing Cold and Flu Symptoms When cold or flu symptoms strike, the focus shifts to keeping yourself comfortable while your body fights off the infection. Simple steps like staying hydrated, resting, and using the right remedies can make a big difference in how quickly you recover. Here are some effective ways to manage symptoms and support your healing. Stay hydrated.  Drink plenty of fluids, especially water. Warm liquids such as broth and tea can help with stuffiness. To soothe a cough, add honey.⁴ Get plenty of rest.  Your body needs rest to heal.⁴ Soothe your sore throat.  Cough drops, lozenges, and ice chips can help with sore throats. In a pinch, a saltwater gargle can help.⁴ Relieve pain and reduce fever.  Adults can take acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or aspirin. For children, children’s strength acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help relieve pain and reduce fever.⁴ Support cough and cold symptoms.  Over-the-counter decongestants and antihistamines can help ease some symptoms. Read your medication label and take as directed. If you have any questions about what you should and shouldn’t take, talk with a healthcare provider.⁴ Most colds and mild flu cases can be managed at home, but sometimes medical care is necessary. Contact your healthcare provider if you experience:⁵ A fever that doesn’t respond to over-the-counter medication. Shortness of breath, chest pain, or wheezing. Symptoms that last more than 10 days or get worse after initially improving. Severe discomfort when swallowing. A cough that doesn’t go away for two or three weeks. Severe sinus pain. Cold and flu season may be unavoidable, but with the right habits, remedies, and support, you can make it through with less stress and faster recovery. Your local pharmacy is here to guide you every step of the way, whether it’s a flu shot, supplement advice, or help finding the right relief for your symptoms.   Sources https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevention/actions-prevent-flu.html https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/fight-off-the-flu-with-nutrients https://www.cdc.gov/flu/vaccines/index.html https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/in-depth/cold-remedies/art-20046403 https://www.unitypoint.org/news-and-articles/cold-flu-symptoms-should-you-see-a-doctor

Do you or someone you know struggle with addiction? We are here to tell you; you are not alone. In 2023, it was reported by the United States National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) that roughly 54.2 million people aged 12 and older were in need of treatment for a substance use disorder. However, only 23% received the treatment they needed. ¹ These statistics prove how important addiction and recovery education is to the public.   What is National Recovery Month? Every September since 1989, National Recovery Month is observed to promote and support new evidence-based treatment and recovery practices, the nation’s strong and proud recovery community, and the dedication of service providers and communities who make recovery possible. ² Just as we celebrate improvements of those managing and overcoming other health concerns, such as diabetes, asthma, and heart disease, Recovery Month is a time to celebrate the steps made by those in recovery. This helps reinforce the idea that behavioral health is crucial to overall health, prevention works, treatment is effective, and people can and do recover. ² The Substance Abuse and Mental health Services Administration, or SAMHSA, works to increase awareness of mental health and addiction recovery by creating initiatives, accessing grant funding, securing public and private collaborations, and more to help celebrate long-term recoveries. With National Recovery Month, SAMHSA and those who have overcome addiction, or those going through addiction treatment, have a platform to share and celebrate their successes.   Bad Habits When discussing addiction, it’s important to understand how to identify bad habits and learn ways to overcome them. A bad habit is any unhealth behavior that when engaged in so often, it becomes automatic. Some habits are healthy, like brushing your teeth daily or wearing your seatbelt in the car. However, bad habits often have negative effects on your well-being. Some bad habits include drinking heavily, smoking, skipping your workout, or eating junk food. All these bad habits could negatively impact your mental and physical health, which may lead to more health issues. There are other forms of bad habits that take on forms of social behaviors. These may include always saying “yes”, skipping meals, being bossy, biting your nails, or listening to music at high volumes. Whatever form your bad habit comes in, it can be incredibly difficult to shake and you may often find yourself falling back on those old behaviors even when trying to make a change. Just know that overcoming a bad habit and making real change is possible, and you’re never alone through it.   Identifying Bad Habits It may be hard to identify bad habits, especially when they often come automatically. One of the best ways to identify a bad habit is to figure out your triggers. Some triggers are more easily identifiable than others as they come in many forms; sights, smells, thoughts, emotions, or actions. For example, if a coworker yells at you, it may trigger you to feel stressed out. Once that trigger occurs, next comes the action or bad habit. Continuing on our example, after your coworker yells at you and you become stressed, you may reach for a cigarette. Your brain finds benefit from continuing a behavior, leading to that cigarette acting to ease your stress. ³ It's important to identify your triggers in order to identify your bad habits. Although it is difficult to break bad habits, curb addictions, or replace negative behaviors, it is still possible. It requires patience, persistence, and a will to change your life for the better.   Breaking Bad Habits As previously mentioned, breaking bad habits can be difficult. However, it’s not impossible. Instead of focusing on giving up an existing habit, try replacing it with a healthier one. Going back to our example, when your coworker yells at you causing you stress, instead of reaching for a cigarette, take a short walk and focus on your breathing. This change in habit allows your brain to still find benefit from continuing a behavior. While breaking bad habits can be difficult, it’s important to stay consistent and have realistic expectations on how long it can take before the bad habit is replaced. A recent study shows that it takes an average of 66 days for a new behavior to feel automatic. ³. However, if after a couple weeks you don’t feel the same satisfaction from walking and practicing breathing techniques as you did with smoking, don’t feel discouraged. Your brain needs time to make that new behavior feel automatic. Breaking bad habits and curbing addiction is a long path, but you don’t have to face it alone. If you are needing extra help in fighting off addiction and bad habits, follow these 7 simple tips: ³ 1.       Explore reasons for changing 2.       Set the right goals 3.       Identify the triggers 4.       Build your action plan 5.       Bring in mindfulness 6.       Cope with habit changes 7.       Know when to seek help   Community Support Going down the path to recovery can be scary, full of uncertainty, but you don’t have to go through it alone. Gaining support of those around you is one of the most powerful resources you have. Whether you join a support group, recovery program, online community, or confide in your loved ones, building a support network can make your journey to recovery feel safe and encouraging.   Support Groups There are many different types of community support groups available to those struggling with addiction. Here are some of the most common: ⁴ Alcoholics Anonymous (AA): the most well-known and widely attended support groups for those struggling with alcoholism that follows a 12-step program Narcotic Anonymous (NA): similar to AA but focuses on those recovering from drug addiction and also follows a 12-step program SMART Recovery: a science-based approach that emphasizes self-empowerment and practical strategies that is built on a 4-point program Relief Recovery: offers a variety of quality addiction treatments Dual Recovery Anonymous (DRA): a support group designed specifically for those dealing with both substance abuse and mental health disorders Women for Sobriety (WFS): a support group tailored to meet the unique needs of women in recovery Secular Organizations for Sobriety (SOS): an alternative to the 12-step program that emphasizes self-reliance and rational thinking that offers support to those who may not resonate with spiritual or religious components offered from other support groups Refuge Recovery: a Buddhist-inspired approach that integrates mindfulness, meditation, and Buddhist principles   Build a Support Network It’s important to build a strong support network when working through recovery. Building this strong network is an ongoing process and requires effort and commitment. Here are a few ways to build your support network: ⁴ Find a sponsor Engage with therapy Connect with friends and family Participate in sober activities Utilize online support communities Volunteer or get involved in the community Practice openness and vulnerability   Your road to recovery can be long and may have a few speedbumps, but it’s achievable as long as you set your mind right. People can and do recover. If you or someone you know is struggling with addiction or mental health, help is available through the 24/7 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline by calling 988. Help is out there and remember, you are never alone.     Sources: 1. https://americanaddictioncenters.org/rehab-guide/addiction-statistics-demographics 2. https://www.naadac.org/national-recovery-month 3. https://www.helpguide.org/mental-health/wellbeing/how-to-break-bad-habits-and-change-negative-behaviors 4. https://wewantrelief.com/role-community-recovery/

As summer temperatures rise, so does the risk of dehydration. Lack of hydration is especially dangerous to children, the elderly, and outdoor workers. Dehydration occurs when your body loses more fluids than it takes in which can lead to significant effects on the body’s organ systems. As your trusted local pharmacy, our goal is to keep you and your family happy and healthy in this heat. Luckily, we have the information and tips and tricks to help combat dehydration to keep these good vibes all summer long.   Short-term effects of dehydration In heat or during exercise, dehydration can happen very quickly. The CDC states even mild dehydration, about a 1-2% loss in body weight from fluids, can lead to the following symptoms: Thirst Dry mouth and tongue Headache Fatigue Dizziness Decreased urine or dark-colored urine Even short-term dehydration can affect physical performance and brain function. The National Institutes of Health states that even mild dehydration can affect mood, memory, and brain function 1 . Long-term effects of chronic dehydration Short-term dehydration is typically  quickly corrected and noticed, but long-term dehydration can lead to much more serious health problems. Some of these complications may include: Kidney stones and kidney damage Urinary tract Infections Digestive issues Poor skin health Joint and muscle pain Medicine that can cause dehydration Diuretics (“water pills”) Medications include: hydrochlorothiazide , furosemide , and  spironolactone   Diuretics remove excess water through urine to work to lower blood pressure and fluid build up 2 These medications can leave you feeling extra thirsty Anticholinergic Medications Typically used for asthma, overactive bladder, and IBS Can mess with hydration balance: less saliva, lower sweat production, difficulty urinating 2 SGLT2 Inhibitors Used to help treat Type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and kidney disease SGLT2 Inhibitors lower blood sugar levels by making glucose leave your body through your urine 2 Laxatives Examples include: Dulcolax, Miralax, Milk of Magnesia, etc. Because of the way laxatives use your body’s fluids it can contribute to dehydration Regardless of whether you are taking these medications or not, it is important to stay hydrated. Dehydration is not always avoidable, however. The best way to manage dehydration from your medication depends on the medication you take and the reason you are taking it. For instance, some medications are designed to remove excess water from your body. If you drink lots of extra water, it may prevent you from seeing the benefits of your medication (Williams, 2023). Hydrating Drinks Staying hydrated is key to avoiding these symptoms. While thinking of hydration we typically think about water, however there are other options to keep our bodies hydrated and electrolytes replenished. Whether you do not like the taste of plain water or want to change your drinking options, here are some alternatives and additions. 3 Coconut Water: great natural electrolyte drink with lower sugar and high potassium. Herbal Iced Teas: some great teas for hydration are hibiscus or rooibos tea.  Infused Water: take your plain water up a notch by adding slices of cucumber, lemon, berries, or even mint to add subtle flavor and beneficial nutrients.  Electrolyte Beverages: drinks with electrolytes can help restore fluids and electrolytes in our bodies.  Milk: low fat milk has carbohydrates, proteins, and electrolytes which help aid hydration. Over the counter Hydration Products: If the water alternatives are not catching your eye, there are also options to add to water to help keep your body hydrated. Drinking water is important but replenishing your electrolytes are equally important. Sweating and working out regularly can diminish electrolytes and our body’s hydration. According to registered dietician, Kristy Baumann, “The main types of electrolytes that we lose through sweat are sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium”. To help aid in replenishing these electrolytes, some examples of over-the-counter hydration are: DripDrop Hydration Electrolyte Powder, Nuun Sport Electrolyte Tablets, Liquid I.V, Biolyte, and more.   We want you to have a fun, healthy, and safe summer. Keep your body hydrated by incorporating some over the counter electrolytes or trying a new coconut water drink. This will help keep your energy high and good vibes even higher. Whether you find yourself this summer by the pool, on a hike, or enjoying the sun, remember to keep that water bottle close!  Sources: (1)     https://medlineplus.gov/dehydration.html (2)   https://www.goodrx.com/drugs/side-effects/medications-that-cause-dehydration?srsltid=AfmBOop7EM-NLp9gZtHtIAV0JUPs1tFC8oQLjcyXHLQNaZKuFFBmFU1S (3)   https://health.clevelandclinic.org/best-electrolyte-sources            (4)   https://nymag.com/strategist/article/best-electrolyte-powders.html

Summer is the perfect time for outdoor adventures, including hiking, camping on weekends, relaxing by the pool, and enjoying evening bonfires with friends. While warm-weather activities create lasting memories, they also come with risks such as insect bites, sunburns, and burns from campfires or grills. A study from the National Library of Medicine found that only 30% to 40% of Americans have emergency supplies, such as home first aid kits. ¹   As your trusted local pharmacy, we want to help you and your family stay safe and prepared this summer. That’s why we’ve created a helpful guide for putting together your own Summer Safety Kit. Whether you’re going on a weekend getaway or just enjoying time in your backyard, having the right items on hand can make a significant difference in managing unexpected situations. Here are some items to include in each category, so you can customize your kit to suit your summer plans.   Insect Bite & Sting Prevention & Relief Nothing can disrupt a peaceful summer evening faster than a swarm of mosquitoes or an unexpected bee sting. Insects are not only a common nuisance but can also pose health risks. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Bugs, including mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas, can spread diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, Zika, dengue, chikungunya, and Lyme. ²  While most cases are mild, these diseases can be severe which is why it is important to prevent and treat.   What to Include: Insect Repellent Anti-Itch Cream Oral Antihistamines After-Bite Treatment Tweezers Alcohol Wipes   Sunburn Prevention & Relief Even the most diligent sunscreen users can be caught off guard by strong rays, particularly during peak Ultraviolet (UV) index hours or when near water. According to Summit Health Cares, approximately 86% of melanoma cases and 90% of nonmelanoma skin cancers are linked to exposure to UV radiation from the sun. ³  A mild sunburn may only cause irritation, but a more severe burn can lead to blistering, dehydration, and significant skin damage.   What to Include: Sunscreen: The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) recommends that everyone use sunscreen that offers SPF 30 or higher. ⁴  Water-resistant sunscreen should be applied 15-30 minutes before sun exposure and reapplied at least every two hours. Aloe Vera Gel: If it’s too late to protect your skin from sunburn, we recommend applying aloe, known for its cooling and healing properties. Pain Relievers: Ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help reduce pain, swelling, and inflammation caused by sunburn. Lip Balm with SPF: Don’t forget your lips! They’re vulnerable to sunburn too. Cool Compress Pack: A reusable cold pack or even a clean cloth you can soak in cold water to bring down the heat from a burn.   Bonfire & Grill Safety Gathering around a fire pit on a summer evening or cooking on the grill are wonderful ways to spend summer afternoons. However, fire can pose a risk of minor burns or injuries, even when it is controlled. Here are some essential items you should have on hand to address any accidents and to help prevent infection and further injury. According to the CDC, there were 398,000 fire or burn-related injuries in 2021, along with 252,000 injuries related to hot objects or substances (e.g., contact burns). ⁵   What to Include: Burn Ointment Sterile Gauze Pads Nonstick Bandages First Aid Tape Gloves Water Bottle or Saline Spray   General Add-Ons for Your Kit No matter where your summer takes you, these items are always a smart addition to your Safety Kit: Hand Sanitizer or Antibacterial Wipes Thermometer Digital cooling fan or misting fan Electrolyte packets Small flashlight or headlamp   We recommend using a waterproof, portable container that is easy to grab and go. Store your safety kit in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and always check the expiration dates on creams, medications, and ointments before taking your kit with you. It's also a great idea to keep a smaller version of the kit in your car, beach bag, or hiking backpack.   Are you ready to build your summer safety kit? Stop by the pharmacy and ask one of our friendly staff members for recommendations. If you need help restocking sunscreen or insect repellent, or if you want to ensure your medicine cabinet is well-prepared, we’ve got you covered with pharmacy-grade supplies and excellent service. Stay safe, stay prepared, and make this summer one to remember for all the right reasons!   Sources: (1)  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9742271/#:~:text=The%20agency%20had%20launched%20a,kits%20(2%2C%203) . (2) https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/avoid-bug-bites (3) https://www.sh-cares.org/our-impact/empowering-communities/enright-skin-cancer-program/skin-cancer-facts-statistics/ (4)  https://www.aad.org/media/stats-sunscreen (5) https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhamcs/web_tables/2021-nhamcs-ed-web-tables-508.pdf

Summer is a season of sunshine, long walks, backyard barbecues, and plenty of outdoor fun. But as summer heats up, we need to take extra care to keep our families safe and healthy, including our pets. As your trusted pharmacy, we aren’t just here to fill your prescriptions—we’re dedicated to serving the whole family, including your furry companions.  Whether you’re planning your next outdoor adventure or relaxing in your backyard, these tips will help keep your pets cool, comfortable, and protected all summer long. Summer Health Risks for Pets Heatstroke and Dehydration Pets can’t regulate their body temperature as effectively as humans. Dogs pant to cool down, and cats groom themselves, but both can quickly overheat on hot days. Watch for signs of heatstroke, including heavy panting, drooling, lethargy, vomiting, or diarrhea. ¹ Signs of heatstroke include: Excessive panting or drooling Bright red or pale gums Lethargy or collapse Vomiting or diarrhea Confusion or disorientation If you notice any of these signs, immediately move your pet to a cool area. Offer water (but don’t force them to drink), apply cool, wet towels, and contact your vet. Prevent heatstroke by keeping your pets cool and comfortable in the summer: Ensure pets have access to a cool, shaded area.¹ Avoid going on walks during the hottest part of the day. Instead, go on walks in the morning or later in the evening.¹ Ensure pets have cool drinking water available.¹ If your pet has a thicker coat, ensure they are regularly groomed as advised for their breed.¹ Stock up on electrolyte powders, pet-safe cooling mats, and hydration boosters to help keep your pet cool during the hottest days.   Fleas, Ticks, and Mosquitoes Fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes thrive in warm weather and carry dangerous diseases. Mosquitoes can transmit heartworms, while ticks may spread Lyme disease or Ehrlichiosis.² Keep your pet protected whether you're hiking, walking in the park, or relaxing on the porch. Use vet-recommended flea, tick, and heartworm preventatives year-round. Inspect your pet after outdoor time, especially in wooded or grassy areas. Vacuum and wash bedding regularly. Treat your yard for pests (using pet-safe products).   Hot Surfaces It’s easy to forget how hot sidewalks and driveways can get during summer. A surface that feels warm to us may be scorching for your pet’s paws.   Not sure if the ground is too hot for your pet? Place your hand on the ground for 10 seconds. If it’s too hot for you, it’s too hot for your pet’s paws.³   Hydration and Nutrition Hydration is critical during summer. Dogs and cats can dehydrate quickly when it’s hot, especially during play or outdoor time. Signs of dehydration include: ⁴ Dry nose or gums Sunken eyes Lethargy Loss of skin elasticity Tips to keep pets hydrated: Provide multiple water bowls in shady or cool areas. Add ice cubes to water bowls. Use portable bowls or pet hydration packs when out and about. Feed moisture-rich foods like wet pet food or hydrating treats (in moderation). Adjusting feeding schedules may also help—many pets eat less in hot weather. Try feeding in the cooler morning or evening hours to maintain appetite and comfort.   Fireworks and Summer Events Fireworks may be fun, but loud noises from fireworks or parties can be scary for pets. Loud booms and flashing lights often cause panic, anxiety, and even injuries if pets try to escape. Keep your pets safe by: Keeping them indoors in a quiet, secure room.⁵ Creating a safe, quiet space with familiar toys and bedding.⁵ Using calming aids (natural chews, pheromone diffusers, or anxiety wraps).⁵ Playing soft music or white noise to mask outdoor sounds.⁵ Ensuring their microchip and ID tags are up to date in case they bolt.⁵   Travel and Vacation Safety Planning a road trip or beach getaway? Make sure your pets are safe and comfortable on the go. Use a secured crate or seatbelt harness. Pack food, water, medications, and toys. Make frequent stops for bathroom and water breaks. Never let pets roam freely in the car. Never leave pets unattended in a car. On an 85°F day, a car can reach over 100°F in just 10 minutes. This can be fatal, even with windows cracked.⁶ If boarding, choose a reputable facility and ensure vaccinations are up to date. Or consider a pet sitter if your pet is more comfortable at home.   Water Safety Many pets enjoy water, but not all are natural swimmers. Pools, lakes, and beaches all carry risks—strong currents, pool chemicals, and drowning. If you plan on spending time near a pool, lake, or beach with your pet, practice water safety: Supervise pets near any body of water. ⁷ Use pet life jackets for boating or swimming.⁷ Rinse off salt or chlorine after a swim.⁷   We believe pets are family, and their health matters as much as yours. Keeping your pet safe in the summer doesn't have to be complicated. A little planning, the right supplies, and advice from your trusted pharmacy can go a long way.     Sources: https://www.rvc.ac.uk/small-animal-vet/teaching-and-research/fact-files/heatstroke-in-dogs-and-cats https://www.aspca.org/news/how-keep-your-pets-safe-during-flea-and-tick-season https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/dog-paws-hot-pavement/ https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/warning-signs-dehydration-dogs/ https://www.humaneanimalpartners.org/10-tips-for-keeping-pets-safe-and-calm-during-fireworks/ https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/pet-owners/petcare/pets-vehicles https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/general-pet-care/hot-weather-safety-tips

Whether you have recently started a new medication or have been taking one for a while, it’s important to fully understand the medication’s side effects, any interactions, and the proper instructions. To help you ask the right questions, continue reading! Any medication, whether it is a prescription, over-the-counter option, herbal/complementary therapy, or vitamins and supplements, can have unwanted side effects, called adverse effects.¹ Adverse effects may vary between each patient depending on weight, age, gender, general health, and the state of their disease. These adverse effects may also vary between mild, moderate, or severe.  Some common, mild adverse effects include: ·         Constipation ·         Skin rash ·         Diarrhea ·         Dry mouth ·         Headache ·         Nausea A few effects that are more serious include: ·         Suicidal thoughts ·         Abnormal heartbeat ·         Internal bleeding Make sure to discuss any potential side effects from your medications with your pharmacist, especially if you are taking other medications. You should always report new side effects to your pharmacist or primary care provider. What Should I Avoid While on this Medication? When starting a new medication, it is important to know if it has any potential interactions with any other medications you are taking, food, alcohol, or even sunlight exposure. According to MedlinePlus.org , “A drug interaction is a change in the way a drug acts in the body when taken with certain other drugs, foods, or supplements or when taken while you have certain medical conditions.” A few of these examples include: ² ·         Aspirin and blood thinners ·         Statins and grapefruit ·         Gingko and blood thinners ·         Aspirin and peptic ulcers Certain Medications and Certain Foods Some foods are best to avoid when taking certain medications, as it may reduce or increase the effectiveness of the medication or cause other side effects. Certain vitamins and supplements, including essential oils, may also interact with medications. Alcohol Another harmful drug interaction includes drinking alcohol while taking medication. Most medications, whether over-the-counter or prescription, include a warning on the label indicating not to consume alcohol while taking this medication. Mixing alcohol with medications may cause mild to severe side effects such as: ⁴ ·         Nausea and vomiting ·         Headaches ·         Drowsiness ·         Fainting ·         Loss of coordination ·         Internal bleeding ·         Heart problems ·         Breathing difficulties ·         Increased risk for overdose ·         Memory problems Alcohol may also make your medication less effective or cause the medication to become toxic or harmful to your body. Some medications, such as cough medicine or laxatives, may contain up to 10% alcohol and when mixed with alcoholic beverages, may become extremely dangerous. Even if you don’t consume the medication and alcohol at the same time, medication is designed to stay in your system, meaning it may still be around by the time you decide to take a drink. Sun Exposure Did you know that some medications may cause adverse effects when you are exposed to sunlight? Photosensitivity is a chemically induced change in the skin due to certain ingredients in medications. This chemical change may cause sunburn-like symptoms, rash, or other unwanted side effects and may appear days after sun exposure or right away. A few examples of medications that may cause sun sensitivity include: ³ ·         Antibiotics ·         Oral contraceptives ·         Retinoids ·         Sulfonylureas for type 2 diabetes Not everyone who takes these medications may experience photosensitivity, but it is good to ask your pharmacist if it is a possible side effect. How Do I Take This Medication? When talking to your pharmacist about your medication, you should ask them how to administer it, how long to take it, the time of day to take it, whether to take it with or without food, and how much to take. Administration Taking medications correctly and understanding the right way to administer them can help reduce risks and possible further problems. There are many different ways to administer medications. Some common ways include: ⁵ ·         Inhalable:  breathed in through a tube or mask ·         Intravenous:  injected in a vein or IV line ·         Nasal:  given into the nose by spray or pump ·         Oral:  swallowed by mouth ·         Rectal:  inserted into the rectum ·         Sublingual:  held under the tongue ·         Transdermal:  given through a patch placed on the skin The type of administration depends on the part of the body that is being treated, how the drug works within the body, and the formula. Duration Each medication comes with different instructions on how long to continue a medication. Some prescriptions will say to continue a medication until symptoms go away, some have specific time periods (e.g. take once a day for 2 weeks), and others note to take as needed. Time of Day Taking medication at night versus in the morning can make a huge difference. Some medications are prescribed to be taken at night because they contain ingredients that may cause drowsiness, while others may have beneficial effects if taken in the morning. With or Without Food Knowing whether or not to take your medication with food is important for a few reasons. It may help ease side effects such as upset stomach or nausea if you take your medication during a meal. Taking medication on an empty stomach may help with absorption of the drug, as the presence of food may reduce the absorption in the body. Dosage Amount Taking the correct amount of medication is important to avoid a potential overdose. In contrast, if not taking enough of the medication, it may not work properly and produce the desired results. Other Ways We Can Help We are here to be more than just your place to get prescriptions. We are your source for trusted healthcare! We offer services to help you understand your medications and stay on track. Talk to us today about how we can help you! Also, as an additional resource, Drugs.com  ⁶ offers a full library of medications, symptoms, interactions, and more. Sources 1.      https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323485 2.      https://medlineplus.gov/drugreactions.html 3.      https://www.fda.gov/drugs/special-features/sun-and-your-medicine 4.      https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/brochures-and-fact-sheets/harmful-interactions-mixing-alcohol-with-medicines#:~:text=You've%20probably%20seen%20this,problems%2C%20and%20difficulties%20in%20breathing . 5.      https://www.healthline.com/health/administration-of-medication 6.      https://www.drugs.com/

We are now officially in spring, which means it’s time to take stock, clear out, and get rid of things that no longer serve us. When thinking about things cluttering your countertops, bathrooms, or medicine cabinets, a perfect place to start is checking your over-the-counter medicines and prescriptions. But before we get there… Why is it important to clear out our medicine cabinets? Peace of Mind Many of us have the tendency to keep things around “just in case” or to over-purchase when items go on sale. If we’re not careful, this inevitably means these medications will expire no matter how well-intentioned we may have been in saving money or thinking ahead in the first place. Taking stock of what we have and use frequently can help us make room for things we need. It also doesn’t hurt to get rid of things to reduce clutter: a win-win!   Safety Keeping around expired medications or medications you no longer take may not seem like a huge deal, but the repercussions of accidentally taking an expired medication or one you shouldn’t be taking in the first place can be serious and have major negative effects. An easy way to know when you should get rid of medicines: 1.       Your doctor changes your prescription but you have some left over 2.       You are no longer sick and your doctor says you should stop taking the medication 3.       The over-the-counter medications you have you no longer use or need 4.       The medications are expired ³   How to safely dispose of medications? Do NOT flush MOST medications While flushing medicines is an easy option, it is not always a safe option. Medications contain elements like hard-to-break-down chemicals that negatively impact the environment, polluting water resources, and affecting fish and other aquatic life. These chemicals can also end up in your drinking water, affecting your local community.⁴ There are, however, exceptions to be aware of. The FDA has a comprehensive list of medications that can be flushed because they are “sought-after for their misuse and/or abuse potential” and “that can result in death from one dose if inappropriately taken. If children, adults, or pets in your home accidentally or intentionally ingest, touch, misuse, or abuse a medicine on the flush list, they can suffer serious consequences including death.”⁵ A full list of medications that can be flushed can be found here: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/disposal-unused-medicines-what-you-should-know/drug-disposal-fdas-flush-list-certain-medicines#FlushListLinks Take advantage of drug take-back programs Twice a year, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) sponsors National Prescription Drug Take Back Day nationwide. On April 26th, participating pharmacies are accepting unused prescription medications on-site, but many accept medications all year. During the last National Take Back Day on October 26, 2024: 4,425 law enforcement participated, there were a total of 4,644 collection sites, and a total of 629,953 pounds of medications collected.¹ Give us a call today to see how we can help you safely dispose of your prescriptions!   Long-term Solutions: Keeping on top of your medications Yearly taking stock of your medicine cabinets is a great way to consistently check what you use, what you need to repurchase, and what you need to dispose of. But, what if you could have a better long-term system in place?   Medication Reviews Sitting down with a pharmacist and reviewing your medications is a great way to mitigate any unnecessary medication interactions, causing an excess of unneeded and unused medicines cluttering your counters and shelves. Your pharmacist can make sure that all your medications are working for you as they should as well as checking to see if there are any areas of improvement, such as adding or subtracting over-the-counter vitamins and supplements.   Medication Compliance Packaging and Med Sync Services A great way to cut down on pill bottle clutter overall is to take advantage of any medication packaging and med sync services the pharmacy can provide. This can mean compiling your medication into one easy-to-use packaging system that indicates time and day, decreasing the chance of missed doses; downsizing the number of containers to take when you’re traveling; and eliminating the need to sort pills. Medication synchronization services can also decrease the number of times you have to stop at the pharmacy to pick up your meds. This not only saves you time, gas, and energy, it also can help simplify and, in a sense, declutter your to-do list. Get in touch today to see how our services can make your life simpler! Sources: 1-      https://www.dea.gov/takebackday 2-      https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2024-11/NTBI27%20Totals.pdf 3-      https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000943.htm 4-      https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000943.htm 5-      https://www.fda.gov/drugs/disposal-unused-medicines-what-you-should-know/drug-disposal-fdas-flush-list-certain-medicines

The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining good health and proper bodily function. Every 30 minutes, they work to remove waste, toxins, and excess fluid from the body. Additionally, they help regulate blood pressure, signal the production of red blood cells, keep bones healthy, and balance blood chemicals vital for life. ¹  According to the National Library of Medicine in an online article titled, Chronic Kidney Disease: Role of Diet for a Reduction in the Severity of the Disease, “About thirty-seven million US adults are estimated to have chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is more than one in seven. Even more astonishing, nine in ten adults do not know they have the disease, and half of the adults with little kidney function who are not on dialysis are unaware they have CKD.” ²  CKD often goes undiagnosed due to lack of apparent symptoms. How to check your kidney health: Understanding how your kidneys function is crucial for maintaining a healthy lifestyle that meets your specific needs. Regular physical exams can help detect any signs of kidney disease by checking various indicators such as blood pressure, heart rate, swelling, pain, and skin changes. These exams can sometimes reveal subtle symptoms of kidney issues. It is recommended to have a physical exam every 1-2 years if you are between 20 and 50 years old, and annually if you are over 60. If you suspect that something might be wrong with your kidney function, you can ask your primary care doctor for a urine test. Be alert for symptoms such as foamy or bubbly urine, blood in the urine, swelling in the feet, ankles, legs, or face, excessive fatigue, nausea, vomiting, lack of appetite, shortness of breath due to fluid buildup in the lungs, itching or rashes, and anemia caused by a low red blood cell count. ³  Keep in mind that these symptoms could also indicate different underlying conditions. If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to consult your healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. If you have a medical condition or a family history of kidney disease, your doctor may recommend regular monitoring, including blood pressure checks and urine tests during your office visits. Early detection of kidney disease can help slow or prevent the progression to kidney failure. Who is at risk? Certain medical conditions or lifestyle habits can make individuals more at risk for CDK. This includes: ³ Type 1 or 2 diabetes High blood pressure Inherited kidney disease (polycystic) Prolonged obstruction of the urinary tract (kidney stones, enlarged prostate and some cancers) Recurrent kidney infection Conditions that cause kidney inflammation Heart disease Smoking Obesity Older age Frequent use of medications that damage the kidneys Alcoholism What if I have or am at risk for kidney disease? If you discover that you have kidney disease or are at risk due to conditions affecting your kidneys, there are habits you can adopt to promote kidney health, such as following the renal diet. The renal diet is specifically designed for individuals with kidney disease. Before diving into the details of the renal diet, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider if you do not have kidney disease but have a condition that impacts your kidneys. They can help you determine whether this diet would be beneficial for you. However, if you do not have kidney disease or any related conditions, the renal diet is not recommended, as it restricts certain nutrients that are essential for your overall health. What is the renal diet? A renal diet aims to decrease the amount of waste in the blood by limiting sodium, phosphorus, and protein intake. Individuals with compromised kidney function have difficulty removing these waste products from their blood, so reducing specific nutrients in their diet can help preserve kidney function. Additionally, some patients may also need to limit their intake of potassium and calcium. ⁴  Since each person's body is unique, it is essential for each patient to collaborate with a renal dietitian to create a diet tailored to their specific needs. Key points about the renal diet: ⁴ Limit processed foods and limit sodium intake to 400 mg per meal and 150 mg per snack.  Restrict milk and dairy products to a total of 8 oz per day.  Limit potassium-rich foods, including fish, citrus juices, beans, spinach, potatoes, bananas, and avocados.  Manage protein intake according to the stage of CKD you are currently in.  Fluid control is crucial for individuals in the later stages of CKD. Only drink the amount that your doctor recommends, including any food that can melt at room temperature and fluids used in cooking.  Avoid high-phosphorus foods, such as meat, fast food, seeds, milk, canned fish, cola, and cheese.  Focus on fresh, high-quality whole foods, including lean proteins and fresh fruits and vegetables. If you're unsure where to begin, consider starting a food journal. Make it a habit to pay close attention to food labels, and work with your doctor and renal dietitian to understand the specific portions and dietary recommendations tailored to your unique needs and the stage of CKD you are in. What about vitamins and supplements? When following a renal diet or taking medications for CKD, you may need to add vitamins to your daily routine to compensate for any deficiencies in your diet. It's important to avoid herbal remedies and over-the-counter nutritional supplements unless your healthcare provider or CKD dietitian recommends them. Below is a list of vitamins that you may need to take, as well as those that should be avoided. Recommended Supplements ⁵ Depending on your health and other factors, your healthcare provider may recommend the following vitamins: B Complex:  works to help prevent anemia Other B Vitamins:   thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid and niacin  may assist your body in converting food into usable energy. Iron:  If you are taking a medication to prevent anemia, you may need to add an iron supplement. Only take iron if your healthcare provider prescribes it to you. Vitamin C:  Supports healthy tissue and promotes faster healing from wounds, bruises and infections. Since the renal diet lacks nutrients, your healthcare provider may recommend this. Vitamin D:  Vitamin D is important for maintaining healthy bones. Your healthcare provider may prescribe this to you in the later stages of CKD. You should only take this supplement if your healthcare provider tells you to. Supplements to Avoid ⁵ Fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin A, E, D and K: These vitamins are likely to do more harm than good by building up in your body which can cause issues over time. If you are living with CKD, the renal diet may be beneficial for you. If you have a higher risk of developing kidney disease, it’s important to schedule regular check-ups with your healthcare provider and stay informed about the vitamins you should include in your diet. You can find high-quality vitamins at your local pharmacy. Don’t hesitate to ask our pharmacy team how we can support your health journey. Sources: https://www.cdc.gov/kidney-disease/about/index.html https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8467342/#B1-nutrients-13-03277 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chronic-kidney-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20354521#:~:text=Generally%2C%20earlier%20stages%20are%20known%20as%201,urinating%20either%20too%20much%20or%20too%20little . https://nephcure.org/managing-rkd/diet-and-nutrition/renal-diet/ https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/vitamins-and-minerals-chronic-kidney-disease

If you recently have been diagnosed with a heart disease or experienced a heart attack, you may have been prescribed some medications to treat symptoms, such as hypertension, blood clotting, arrhythmia, chest pain, high cholesterol, and more. It’s important to understand why you have been prescribed certain medications and how those medications work. Anticoagulants Anticoagulants are medications used to prevent the forming of blood clots in the bloodstream and may prevent clots from becoming larger. While anticoagulants are commonly referred to as “blood thinners”, these medications do not thin the blood, nor do they completely stop blood from clotting. Patients taking anticoagulant medication may experience wounds that take longer to stop bleeding due to the medication’s anticoagulating effects.¹ Commonly Prescribed Blood Thinners² Apixaban (Eliquis)  Dabigatran (Pradaxa) Edoxaban (Savaysa) Heparin Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) Warfarin (Coumadin) Antiplatelets are a group of anticoagulants that work to prevent blood platelets from sticking together and forming a blood clot. Antiplatelets are more suitable for patients who have experienced a heart attack or stroke due to narrowing of blood vessels. ¹ Commonly Prescribed Antiplatelet Agents² Aspirin Clopidogrel (Plavix) Dipyridamole (Persantine) Prasugrel (Effient) Ticagrelor (Brilinta) ACE inhibitors Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are medications that help relax the veins and arteries by widening blood vessels to lower blood pressure, reducing the workload of the heart. ACE inhibitors are commonly used to prevent, treat, or improve symptoms in conditions such as: hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, heart attacks, and more. ³ Commonly Prescribed ACE Inhibitors² Benazepril (Lotensin) Captopril (Capoten) Enalapril (Vasotec) Fosinopril (Monopril) Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril) Moexipril (Univasc) Perindopril (Aceon) Quinapril (Accupril) Ramipril (Altace) Trandolapril (Mavik)  Angiotensin II receptor blockers Used to treat high blood pressure, angiotensin II receptor blockers, or ARBs, block the chemical angiotensin II from narrowing blood vessels. As a result, the medication relaxes and widens blood vessels to lower blood pressure. ARBs are commonly used to prevent, treat, or improve symptoms in patients with chronic kidney disease, heart failure, and kidney failure.⁴ Commonly Prescribed ARBs² Azilsartan (Edarbi) Candesartan (Atacand) Eprosartan (Teveten) Irbesartan (Avapro) Losartan (Cozaar) Olmesartan (Benicar) Telmisartan (Micardis) Valsartan (Diovan) Beta blockers Beta blockers are medications used to treat high blood pressure by blocking the effects of epinephrine. This slows heart rate and causes the heart to beat with less force. This helps lower blood pressure and improves blood flow by widening veins and arteries. Beta blockers are commonly used to treat high blood pressure when other medications have not worked and are used to prevent, treat, or improve symptoms in conditions, such as: arrhythmia, heart failure, chest pain, heart attacks, and more.⁵ Commonly Prescribed Beta Blockers² Acebutolol (Sectral) Atenolol (Tenormin) Betaxolol (Kerlone) Bisoprolol/hydrochlorothiazide (Ziac) Bisoprolol (Zebeta) Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL) Nadolol (Corgard) Propranolol (Inderal) Sotalol (Betapace) Calcium channel blockers Calcium causes the heart and arteries to squeeze strongly. To lower blood pressure, calcium channel blockers stop calcium from entering the cells of the heart and arteries, allowing blood vessels to relax and widen. Calcium channel blockers can also slow heart rate, further lowering blood pressure. In addition to treating high blood pressure, calcium channel blockers are commonly used to prevent, treat, or improve symptoms in patients with coronary artery disease, chest pain, arrhythmia, and blood vessel conditions.⁶ Commonly Prescribed Calcium Blockers² Amlodipine (Norvasc) Diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac) Felodipine (Plendil) Nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia) Nimodipine (Nimotop) Nisoldipine (Sular) Verapamil (Calan, Verelan) Cholesterol-lowering medications Cholesterol is a waxy, fatlike substance found in your blood. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or “bad” cholesterol can lead to fatty buildups in your arteries, increasing the risk for heart disease, heart attacks, or strokes. To decrease “bad cholesterol” and increase high density lipoprotein (HDL) or “good cholesterol”, your healthcare provider may prescribe a cholesterol-lowering medication. Commonly Prescribed Cholesterol-Lowering Medications Statins² Satins are prescribed to decrease “bad cholesterol” and triglycerides, a type of fat in the blood that increases the risk of heart disease. Statins may also increase “good cholesterol.”⁷ Commonly prescribed statins include: Atorvastatin (Lipitor) Fluvastatin (Lescol) Lovastatin (Mevacor) Pitavastatin (Livalo) Pravastatin (Pravachol) Rosuvastatin (Crestor) Simvastatin (Zocor) Nicotinic Acids² Niacin is prescribed to decrease “bad cholesterol” and triglycerides, while also increasing “good cholesterol.”⁷ Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors² Cholesterol absorption inhibitors, such as ezetimibe (Zetia), are prescribed to decrease “bad cholesterol” and slightly decrease triglycerides. Cholesterol absorption inhibitors may also increase “good cholesterol.”⁷ Combination Statin and Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors² Combination statin and cholesterol absorption inhibitors, such as ezetimibe/simvastatin (Vytorin), are prescribed to decrease “bad cholesterol” and triglycerides, while also increasing “good cholesterol.”⁷ Drug and Supplement Interactions Many herbal supplements may interact with medications used to treat heart and blood vessel conditions. Below are some common herbal supplement and drug interactions:⁸ COQ-10  may lessen how well warfarin works and further lower blood pressure if you also take a medication to treat high blood pressure.⁸ Danshen  may interact with blood thinners, blood pressure medications, and digoxin (Lanoxin).⁸ Evening primrose, garlic, ginkgo biloba  may increase your risk of bleeding if you take blood thinners, such as aspirin, clopidogrel, and warfarin.⁸ Ginseng  may lessen how well warfarin works.⁸ Hawthorn  may interact with beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, nitrates, and digoxin.⁸   If you are taking a prescription, heart-related or not, it is recommended to consult with your healthcare team (including our pharmacy team!) before making any major change in diet or supplementation. Your healthcare team can evaluate what may best fit your needs, check for interactions, and more.   If you have any questions about your medication regimen, it is encouraged to consult your healthcare team, including your pharmacist. As your pharmacy, we are dedicated to providing you with the best possible care, beyond just dispensing medications. We are here to address your questions and concerns and support your unique healthcare needs.   Sources 1.      https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279433/ 2.      https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/treatment-of-a-heart-attack/cardiac-medications   3.      https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/ace-inhibitors/art-20047480 4.      https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/angiotensin-ii-receptor-blockers/art-20045009#:~:text=Angiotensin%202%20receptor%20blockers%20stop,Valsartan%20(Diovan) . 5.      https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/beta-blockers/art-20044522 6.      https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/calcium-channel-blockers/art-20047605 7.      https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/in-depth/cholesterol-medications/art-20050958 8.      https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/consumer-health/in-depth/herbal-supplements/art-20046488

If you or someone you know is on Medicare, you might have heard about the changes taking place this year. But first, let’s take a dive into what Medicare is.   What is Medicare? Medicare is a federal health insurance that is offered to adults who are 65 or older. There are four main parts to the insurance program which include: ¹ Part A – covers inpatient care in hospitals, skilled nursing facilities, and home healthcare Part B – covers outpatient care like diagnosis and treatment at a doctor’s office, and preventive services like vaccines and wellness visits Part C – also known as Medicare Advantage, a bundled plan that includes parts A, B, and sometimes D Part D – covers prescription medications Seniors become eligible for Medicare 3 months before their 65th birthday and have up to 3 months after their 65th birthday to enroll. There are some special cases where individuals will automatically be enrolled into Part A and Part B, for example, if they are already getting benefits from Social Security or the Railroad Retirement Board. ² During the initial enrollment period, seniors can choose a plan that best fits their needs for that time being. Each year, those who are already enrolled in a plan can make changes to their current plan during a time period called Open Enrollment. During this time between October 15 and December 7, it is important to review your current plan, current medications, and evaluate other plan options to see if you can find better coverage or even save money. ³ Remember, if your plan works for you now, that doesn’t necessarily mean it will work for you next year.   New Changes to Medicare Beginning this year in 2025, there are seven big changes to Medicare that you need to be aware of.   1. Prescription Spending Cap. For the first time in history, Medicare Part D and drug coverage in Medicare Advantage plans will have a cap on out-of-pocket spending for prescription drugs of $2,000. This cap includes deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance for covered drugs. It does not apply to premiums or to drugs a plan doesn’t cover. ⁴   2. No Part-D "Donut Hole" A major change to Medicare is the removal of coverage gap, often called the "donut hole." Before 2025, coverage had four phases that included deductible, initial coverage, coverage gap, and catastrophic coverage. The deductible coverage phase meant you had to pay the full cost of your drugs until you met your deductible up to $545, then pay copayments until you and your plan spend $5,030 on covered medications bringing you into the donut hole. In the donut hole, plans pay less for drugs, especially brand-names, and you may pay more out-of-pocket for the same meds than in the initial coverage phase. Catastrophic coverage did not begin until $8,000 was reached. ⁴ However, in 2025, the deductible for Part D plans can be up to $590, then you will pay copayments out-of-pocket for medications until the $2,000 cap is reached. ⁴ Once this cap is reached, you enter the catastrophic coverage where the plan pays the entirety of covered prescriptions for the remainder of the year, meaning you pay nothing.   3. Weight Loss Drugs Drugs prescribed specifically for weight loss are prohibited from being covered by Medicare. However, Part D plans can cover popular weight loss drugs if they are prescribed for other purposes like Ozempic and Mounjaro for type 2 diabetes. ⁴ Another popular approved drug is Wegovy prescribed to those with cardiovascular disease who are also overweight. According to Diane Omdahl, it is estimated that those with obesity or who are overweight could be eligible for Wegovy to help reduce the risk of serious heart disease. ⁴ This drug is likely to come at a high cost, but with the new $2,000 cap, those on Part D will greatly benefit.   4. Medicare Advantage Coverage In 2025, Medicare Advantage plans may make changes to help cover their additional expenses. These changes may include changes to the formulary (the list of covered drugs), reduce out-of-pocket maximums, increase coinsurance, or reduce extra benefits. ⁴ As an example, if you have a dental benefit, it may be less generous than it has been in the past.   5. Midyear Medicare Advantage Plan Statement If you selected a Medicare Advantage plan, you will receive a midyear statement that shows available benefits that have not yet been used. Plans are required to send these statements to ensure enrollees are using their plan to the fullest extent possible.   6. Caregiver Services Expansion The program for patients with dementia and their caregivers, called Guiding an Improved Dementia Experience (GUIDE), will be serving more of the country this year than it did in 2024. This program provides: ⁴ 24/7 support Care navigator to find medical services & assistance Caregiver training Up to $2,500 a year for at home, overnight, or adult day-care respite services. GUIDE began with 96 initial organizations, and in July of this year, 294 more will join. These organizations include academic medical centers, hospitals, small and large group practices, and community-based organizations already providing programs for dementia patients. For a participant to qualify for the GUIDE program, they must be enrolled in Original Medicare and have a dementia diagnosis. Those in hospice or nursing homes are not eligible. ⁴   7. More Mental Health Providers As of 2022, only 20 percent of adults 65 and older reported they used mental health services. However, if additional access to these services were available, those numbers may be affected. Mental health counselors, marriage and family therapists, or addiction counselors were unable to bill Medicare before 2024, because they were not allowed to enroll as Medicare providers. Now, more than 400,000 behavioral health clinicians nationwide are eligible to enroll in the Medicare program, including telehealth providers. ⁴   As you look back on the past year and onto this year, it is crucial to fully understand your Medicare plan. You can find and compare health and drug plans on the Medicare website, medicare.gov/plan-compare , or you can sit down with your trusted pharmacist who knows your health concerns and current medications. It is also a good idea to review all your medications at least once a year, or when you get a new prescription.   Sources 1.      https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/medicare-advantage-part-d-2025-changes-costs 2.      https://www.medicare.gov/publications/11220-your-yearly-medicare-review.pdf 3.      https://www.medicare.gov/publications/10050-medicare-and-you.pdf 4.      https://www.aarp.org/health/medicare-insurance/info-2024/medicare-changes-coming-in-2025.html